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t. e. Entropy is a scientific concept that is most commonly associated with a state of disorder, randomness, or uncertainty. The term and the concept are used in diverse fields, from classical thermodynamics, where it was first recognized, to the microscopic description of nature in statistical physics, and to the principles of information theory.
Para otros usos de este término, véase Entropía (desambiguación). Mapa conceptual de la relación de entropía con la segunda ley de la termodinámica y la energía libre de Gibbs. En termodinámica, la entropía (simbolizada como S) es una magnitud física para un sistema termodinámico en equilibrio.
This web page is supposed to explain the second law of thermodynamics and entropy, but it shows an error message instead. It is part of OpenStax, a nonprofit that provides free textbooks and learning materials.
Entropy is the loss of energy available to do work. Another form of the second law of thermodynamics states that the total entropy of a system either increases or remains constant; it never decreases. Entropy is zero in a reversible process; it increases in an irreversible process.
Similarly, the hot substance, the lava, loses heat (q < 0), so its entropy change can be written as ΔS hot = −q/T hot, where T cold and T hot are the temperatures of the cold and hot substances, respectively. The total entropy change of the universe accompanying this process is therefore.
10.5: Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics. The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that the state of entropy of the entire universe, as an isolated system, will always increase over time. The second law also states that the changes in the entropy in the universe can never be negative.
Entropy, like internal energy, is a state function. This means that when a system makes a transition from one state into another, the change in entropy \(\Delta S\) is independent of path and depends only on the thermodynamic variables of the two states.
