Search results
The lethality of the disease is caused by the bacterium's two principal virulence factors: (i) the polyglutamic acid capsule, which is anti- phagocytic, and (ii) the tripartite protein toxin, called anthrax toxin.
The three components of the anthrax exotoxins, PA, LF, and EF, are individually non-toxic, but they pair to form the two major virulence factors of B. anthracis: lethal toxin (LT, composed of LF + PA) and edema toxin (ET, composed of EF + PA) .
Cutaneous anthrax is rarely fatal if treated, because the infection area is limited to the skin, preventing the lethal factor, edema factor, and protective antigen from entering and destroying a vital organ. Without treatment, up to 20% of cutaneous skin infection cases progress to toxemia and death.
Anthrax lethal and edema toxins in anthrax pathogenesis. Highlights. •. CMG2 is the physiologically-relevant receptor for anthrax toxins in vivo. •. Targeting of innate immunity by the toxins is essential for initiation of infection. •. Anthrax toxins directly induce lethality at the terminal stage of infection. •.
25 de jul. de 2023 · The damage to tissues is caused by the anthrax toxins, of which the edema toxin is most lethal. Humans are relatively resistant to cutaneous anthrax but any break in the skin can allow the organism to enter the skin.
The main clinical forms of anthrax are cutaneous (most common), oropharyngeal, gastrointestinal, meningeal, and inhalation (most lethal). Gastrointestinal and inhalation anthrax are not transmitted from person to person.
7 de sept. de 2020 · Anthrax lethal toxin (LT) is a bipartite toxin comprising protective antigen, which binds cellular receptors, and the lethal factor (LF) protease. LT is the primary virulence factor of B....
