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Anthrax toxin is an A-B toxin. Each individual anthrax toxin protein is nontoxic. Toxic symptoms are not observed when these proteins are injected individually into laboratory animals. The co-injection of PA and EF causes edema, and the co-injection of PA and LF is lethal.
Anthrax is an infection caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis. Infection typically occurs by contact with the skin, inhalation, or intestinal absorption. Symptom onset occurs between one day and more than two months after the infection is contracted.
The three components of the anthrax exotoxins, PA, LF, and EF, are individually non-toxic, but they pair to form the two major virulence factors of B. anthracis: lethal toxin (LT, composed of LF + PA) and edema toxin (ET, composed of EF + PA) .
The main clinical forms of anthrax are cutaneous (most common), oropharyngeal, gastrointestinal, meningeal, and inhalation (most lethal). Gastrointestinal and inhalation anthrax are not transmitted from person to person.
10 de oct. de 2022 · Anthrax is a toxin-mediated disease; lethal toxin (LT) and edema toxin (ET) are the major virulence factors. LT inhibits immune function and is responsible for vasomotor instability; ET causes cellular and tissue edema.
22 de jun. de 2021 · Translocation is essential to the anthrax toxin mechanism. Protective antigen (PA), the binding component of this AB toxin, forms an oligomeric pore that translocates lethal factor (LF) or...
10 de mar. de 2016 · Schematic overview of cellular entry of anthrax toxin and progression through the endocytic pathway (A) B. anthracis produces the three subunits of anthrax toxin: protective antigen (PA), lethal factor (LF) and edema factor (EF).
